Advocates of one’s unidimensional strategy concern the need for this type from class into foundation that it is not particular if they give you a much better comprehension of peoples actions and that they normally obscure the image ( Lukaszewski, 2010 22. Lukaszewski , W . ( 2010 ). Udreka zycia. [torment of life] . Sopot : Smak slowa . ). Inside their opinion, the research of their outcomes into http://besthookupwebsites.org/blued-review relaxed person every day life is a great deal more essential than just identifying the types of the fresh new FOPD, like in the study in accordance with the horror management concept (Solomon, Greenberg, & Pyszczynski, 2015). Ergo, it may be figured regardless of how correctly we determine the object of your own FOPD, a couple of main activities remain a similar: the reality that we experience worry therefore the fact that within the every times it issues demise-the newest fragility out-of individual life. By contrast, Yalom (2008b) thinks one to demise nervousness is a combination of type of, basically specific, anxieties, between that main issue is driving a car from private annihilation-the fear off ceasing in order to survive. Inside look at, it is legitimate to help you think that the two tactics (unidimensional and you may multidimensional) don’t ban both but ensure it is a far greater knowledge of additional servings out of people lives where the FOPD functions a keen very important mode. For the build of one’s FOPD, you’ll be able to differentiate both a standard dimension and you may a good number of particular designs making it up; the fresh new issue that should be the main focus decided of the expectations in addition to reliability of your tools used.
An assessment of your available classifications implies, first of all, that certain brand of FOPD (e
g., anxiety about life immediately after passing, concern with the procedure of dying otherwise concern with the human body just after demise) can be found individually of implemented personality criterion, and you will secondly, the sort of FOPD which can be well known once the independent within the one category is generally utilized in other categories on the range of way more generally outlined style of FOPD ( Ochsmann, 1993 29. Ochsmann , R . ( 1993 ). Angst vor tod und sterben. Beitrage zur thanato-psychologie. [concern with dying and you may dying. Efforts to thanatopsychology ] . Gottingen : Hogrefe . ). Including observations suggest a great hierarchical build of FOPD.
And there’s discrepancies about books into definition and structure of one’s FOPD, the purpose of today’s study were to have a look at they inside the a more nuanced method, into the Furcht vor Tod und Sterben Fragebogen (Passing and you may Passing away Anxiety Collection, FVTS) just like the a keen empirical example. More specifically, we hypothesised one (a) the new inconsistencies and you may contradictory contributes to past research was in fact because of the presence of the overall concern with passing grounds, which is meaningfully classified to the particular types of the brand new FOPD; and (b) new FOPD manage turn out to has a beneficial hierarchical construction. To check perhaps the framework of FVTS manufactured the entire fear of death along with so much more particular different FOPD, we did a good bi-foundation confirmatory basis studies. To evaluate perhaps the structure of your FOPD is actually hierarchical in the character, i went several exploratory architectural formula habits given that recommended inside Goldberg’s (2006) thirteen. Goldberg , L. Roentgen . ( 2006 ). Doing it all of the trout-ackwards: The development of new hierarchical foundation formations on finest down . Log regarding Browse inside the Identification , 40 , 347 – 358 . . top-off processes.
People and techniques
The study was conducted in central, eastern and southern Poland on a group of 1217 people (602 women and 615 men) between 18 and 89 years of age ( M Age = ; SD Age = ). The sample consisted of people in the following age ranges: between 18 and 23 years old ( M Age = ; SD Age = 1.79), constituting 35%; between 24 and 40 years old ( M Age = ; SD Age = 4.98), constituting 38%; between 41 and 59 years old ( M Age = ; SD Age = 4.95), constituting 16%; and over 60 years old ( M Age = ; SD Age = 5.74), constituting 3%. There was no data on age for 8% of the sample. Twenty-nine per cent of participants had a secondary education, 23% had an elementary education (17% of them were secondary school students) and 23% had a higher education. We did not obtain information on 25% of the participants’ education level.